Weather, Seasons, and Festivals

The Daily Air Condition

Weather vs Climate

Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular time and place. It can change multiple times in a single day.
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Key Points

  1. Sun, wind, clouds, and rain are the factors that decide weather.
  2. Weather can be sunny, cloudy, rainy, or windy.
  3. Weather affects the clothes we wear and the food we eat.
  4. Climate is the average weather condition over a very long time.

Olympiad Fact

Meteorologists are scientists who study and predict the weather!

The Cycle of Seasons

Long periods of weather

When the same type of weather continues for many months, it is called a season. Seasons change because the Earth is tilted as it orbits the Sun.
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Key Points

  1. In India, we have five main seasons: Spring, Summer, Monsoon, Autumn, and Winter.
  2. Summer is the hottest; Winter is the coldest.
  3. Spring is pleasant with new flowers; Autumn is when trees drop leaves.
  4. The Monsoon season brings heavy rain essential for farming.

Olympiad Fact

When it is Summer in the Northern Hemisphere (India), it is Winter in the Southern Hemisphere (Australia)!

Festivals (Seasons and Moon Phases)

Celebrating the Moon and Sun

Many Indian festivals are celebrated based on the Seasons and phases of the Moon.
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Key Points

  1. Eid is celebrated based on the appearance of the Crescent Moon.
  2. Diwali and Karvachauth are linked to the Lunar cycle.
  3. Holi marks the beginning of the Spring season.
  4. The Islamic calendar is entirely based on the phases of the Moon.

Olympiad Fact

The festival of Diwali is always celebrated on a New Moon day!

Harvest Festivals

Thanking the seasons

Harvest festivals are celebrated when crops are ready to be cut. They are directly linked to the seasonal changes of Earth.
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Key Points

  1. Baisakhi (Punjab), Pongal (Tamil Nadu), and Bihu (Assam) are harvest festivals.
  2. Onam is the famous harvest festival of Kerala.
  3. Lohri is celebrated in Winter to mark the end of the coldest days.
  4. These festivals show how closely humans depend on nature.

Olympiad Fact

Makar Sankranti is one of the few Indian festivals that follows the Solar cycle instead of the Lunar cycle!

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